Hybrid Education in Higher Education on the Example of Students' Experiences in Post-pandemic Reality

The article concerns the experiences of students related to hybrid education conducted in the first semester of the academic year 2021/2022. The aim of the study was to find out the opinions of students on hybrid education conducted at The Maria Grzegorzewska University and to compare it with traditional education and distance education. The subject of the research was, among others, the readiness of students to participate in hybrid learning, assessing its quality and other related experiences. The research used the method of diagnostic survey. The obtained results indicate that students rate their readiness to participate in hybrid education higher than the readiness of lecturers to conduct it. They see the possibility of using a hybrid approach to education and science, organization of education and health. They indicate convenience, organization and health safety as the most important advantages and social costs, student attitudes and technical problems as the most important disadvantages of hybridization. The article also presents the expectations of students in relation to the systemic sanctioning of hybrid education. It was suggested to use the lessons learned by developing and testing the effectiveness of a hybrid approach, the potential of which is undeniable and scientifically proven. © The Author(s).

Hybrid Education in Higher Education on the Example of Academic Teachers' Experiences in Post-pandemic Reality

The article concerns the experiences of academic teachers related to hybrid education at the end of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic. The aim of the study was to understand the lecturers' perspective on hybrid education implemented in the first semester of the 2021/2022 academic year at The Maria Grzegorzewska University and an attempt to compare it with traditional education and distance education. The subject of the research was, among others, readiness to implement hybrid teaching, university support for lecturers in the field of hybrid teaching and the diversity of experiences of academic teachers. The research used the method of diagnostic survey. The obtained results indicate that the lecturers declare their readiness to conduct hybrid teaching, especially in the case of their own or students' illness, or random factors that make it impossible to conduct full-time classes or top-down legal regulations. They appreciate the organizational support of their immediate supervisor and the opportunity to make up for classes that have not taken place in a hybrid form. The lecturers highly assess the level of their own involvement in the preparation and conduct of classes, as well as the quality of their didactic work. They see the possibility of using a hybrid approach not only in teaching but also in their self-improvement, work organization and maintaining health. At the same time, they indicate the shortcomings and difficulties related to didactics, social, technical, and organizational aspects, as well as systemic deficiencies. Based on the results, recommendations related to the use of hybrid education in post-pandemic academic education were developed. © The Author(s).

Remote and Stationary Examinations in the Opinion of Students

The article concerns the opinion on stationary and remote examinations carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic, perceived from the perspective of the assessed students. The study aimed to find out about the students' perspective on remote final and midterm exams at The Maria Grzegorzewska University and to attempt to compare it with the traditional examination. The subject of the research was, among others, the forms of checking knowledge and skills, problems arising during the exams, as well as the way of taking into account the special needs of the exam-takers. The students' opinions on the above-mentioned issues and their preferences regarding the examination situation were taken into account. The research used the method of diagnostic survey. The obtained results indicate that students during remote exams declare a higher level of stress related to potential technical problems, and in the case of stationary examinations the problem is chaos, noise and distraction. Regardless of the form of the exam, a similar percentage of students declare that they do not cheat - 73.53% during full-time exams, 68.49% pass fair during remote exams. The most common form of cheating during remote examinations is the use of previously prepared notes (21.85%), and 2.52% use the help of colleagues. © The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

Academic Lecturers Towards the Students' Examining. Similarities and Differences of Stationary and Remote Exams in the Pandemic Era

The article concerns the opinion on stationary and remote examinations carried out during a pandemic, perceived from the perspective of examiners. The aim of the study was to find out about the perspective of academic teachers on remote examination at The Maria Grzegorzewska University and to compare it with the traditional, stationary exams. The subject of the research were, inter alia, the forms of checking knowledge and skills used by lecturers, the motivations driving their choice, problems arising during the exams, as well as the way of taking into account the special needs of the examinees. The research used the method of diagnostic survey. The obtained results indicate that, according to the lecturers, the students' independence during remote exams is smaller and the intensity of using unauthorized help by them is greater. Remote exams generate more problems - technical and related to the dishonesty of students. Lecturers hardly recognize and take into account the special educational needs of students during remote exams. © The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the Article is properly cited.

Challenges of administering university examinations remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic

The article presents the results of a research questionnaire conducted among students and lecturers after the first, and repeated after the second, exam session during the pandemic crisis as this was the first time the examinations were conducted by distance education at The Maria Grzegorzewska University (Warsaw, Poland). Lecturers see the advantages of remote examination in the technological possibilities of conducting examinations (automation in checking and assessing the tests and archiving the results), time savings (immediate availability of results, flexibility of examination dates), and organizational improvements. Students indicate the comfort of writing the exam in a friendly environment, which reduces stress, and appreciate the possibility of obtaining results quickly and the need to spend less time on the exam itself. In the case of disadvantages of remote exams, lecturers indicate a lack of control over the independence and integrity of students, and students complain about the stringent time constraints, distractors and stress, as well as the level of the exam (both higher and lower compared to the level of traditional exams) and the adequacy of the grades obtained. Both groups consider technical problems that arise during the exam to be severe. Twenty percent of students admit to using unauthorized assistance during tests and exams. Academic teachers try to reduce the dependence of students by choosing an appropriate form of the exam (problem tasks, oral exams, open-ended questions, test variants), using special strategies (comparing students' work, control questions, looking for parts of final papers on the Internet), and using technical solutions (requirement of turning on the camera, checking the metadata of files, the need to document work). The search for an effective and appropriate method of verification of learning outcomes is ongoing.

Building and strengthening relationships in distance education by teachers of younger grades of primary schools

The paper addresses the issues of relationships in distance education. These problems are important because good relationships are among the key determinants of both the quality of education and learning outcomes. The new educational conditions brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic have become a threat to building and strengthening the school community's relationships. The need to switch to distance education from one day to the next was a huge challenge for teachers, students, and parents. Initially, teachers focused mainly on technical issues and finding ways to implement core curricula. There was a risk that in distance education, where contact is mediated, it would be difficult for teachers to foster relationships. Furthermore, taking care of students' psychological needs, including the need for relationships, should be a priority in these conditions to provide an antidote to the psychological difficulties associated with isolation and online learning. The purpose of this study was to examine the importance attached by early school education teachers to relationships as well as how and to what extent they build and maintain relationships and create a community in distance education. The research was conducted using the interview method and included early school education teachers. The results obtained represent examples of good practice in fostering relationships while teaching online.

Crisis Remote Education from the Perspective of One-year Experience of Academic Teachers

The article presents the results of the questionnaire research carried out after the first and repeated after the second semester of crisis distance education, conducted at the Academy of Special Education. Academic lecturers participating in the study indicate a significant decrease in the level of commitment, activity, the regularity of work and the quality of performing tasks presented by students. Lecturers benefit from training and technical support organized by the university. They feel an acute inability to contact students personally, but appreciate the time savings and no need to travel to work. The respondents point to the problem of controlling student integrity during remote examinations. Growing experience in remote education results in higher IT competences and conviction to this type of teaching.

Crisis Remote Education from the Perspective of One-year Experience of Students

The article presents the results of the questionnaire research carried out after the first and repeated after the second semester of crisis remote education, conducted at The Maria Grzegorzewska University. Students participating in the study indicate a significant increase in their IT competences and the level of remote education. They declare a similar, high level of commitment and independence during classes. They indicate that commitment, activity, contact with the lecturers, regularity and quality of work, as well as the adequacy of the grades given are better during traditional education, although their timeliness is higher during distance education. The computer equipment of students and the way of accessing the Internet have not changed significantly. 20% of respondents admitted to using unauthorized assistance during exams. In the statements of students, on the one hand, there is a desire to return to social contacts and traditional classes, and on the other hand, a desire to maintain remote education, associated with the comfort of home-based learning and independence.

Crisis remote education at the maria grzegorzewska university during social isolation in the opinions of students

The aim of the study was to find out the experiences of students of The Maria Grzegorzewska University, related to crisis remote education (remote teaching and distance learning in conditions of forced social isolation caused by SARS-CoV-2 pandemic). A case study was used. The research was limited to one institution and the method of a diagnostic survey based on the questionnaire technique was used. Recommendations for further development were made, based on disclosed advantages, disadvantages, problems and opportunities connected with crisis remote education conclusions reported by students. © The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the Article is properly cited.

Crisis remote education at the maria grzegorzewska university during social isolation in the opinions of academic teachers

The aim of the study was to find out the experiences of academics working at The Maria Grzegorzewska University, related to crisis remote education (remote teaching and distance learning in conditions of forced social isolation caused by SARSCoV-2 pandemic). A case study was used. The research was limited to one institution and the method of a diagnostic survey based on the questionnaire technique was used. Recommendations for further development were made, based on disclosed advantages, disadvantages, problems and opportunities connected with crisis remote education conclusions reported by academic teachers. © The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the Article is properly cited.